长难句课件 | 2019高考真题中的长难句精深及练习
英语高考试卷中，阅读理解占到了全卷分数的半壁江山。把阅读做好了，在考试时就会得心应手。阅读文章除了要有扎实的词汇基本功外，阅读长难句的能力也是至关重要的。就像今年的一卷D篇，毫不夸张地说，全是长难句，大大增加理解难度，成为我么获得高分的"拦路虎"。
学习长难句光D篇一篇就够了。下面小编就将D篇长难句进行精深（长难句精深课件），并将全国一二三卷中的长难句都列出来留给大家自己分析（长难句练习文档），精深完D篇后，通过练习学以致用，检验自己学习分析长难句的成果。精讲精练，一举。
一、什么是长难句？
二、长难句破解策略
三、以高考真题为例，分步骤破解
第三步：首先确定谓语，找出主语，去除附属成分，确定句子主干。
主语为qualities，有三个并列谓语strengthen，jump-start，are employed。
去掉枝叶之后，本句的主干为qualities strengthen friendships，jump-start skills and are employed 主语+谓语+（宾语）。其余的都是修饰成分。The likables' plays-well-with-others修饰qualities，作定语。
第四步：提取主干之后，找关联词、辨逻辑，关联词为when，在句中引导时间状语从句，谓语为 (are) tapped，主语为qualities，状语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，因此，从句的主语和be动词一起省略 。
第五步： 影响本句理解的另外一个关键原因是本句中的四个动词各具特点：strengthen是由名词strength加上后缀-en构成的动词，"加强"；jump-start 是合成词，本义是"用跨接引线发动（汽车）"，在此意为"全力启动，加快开展"；employ和tap在此都是熟词生义。
第六步： 翻译句子——拆分与重组：讨人喜欢的人能与他人相处很好，因而能增强校园友谊，激发人际交往的能力。这些品质如能及早发现，会在未来的工作和生活中发挥作用。
四、精深D篇长难句
五、全国一二三卷长难句练习
自己先独立分析，完成后向下浏览，查看维克多英语独家解析
2019全国一二三卷长难句练习
答题要求：1. 画出句子主干
2. 找出关联词，判断从句类型
3. 弄清主句和从句的附属成分
4. 翻译句子
全国一卷
A
1. Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills，find a job or start businesses all year round.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
2. Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program，students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service，its related agencies and community groups.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
B
3. With shining dark eyes，he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
4. Whaley recalls how at the beginning of the year，when called upon to read，Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
all year round 和 all the year ruond 这两种搭配都有 牛津英语搭配词典上写：all (the) year round 一年到头:The city tour runs all the year round.市区游览全年都在进行.希望对你有所帮助.
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
5. "It takes a lot for any student，" Whaley explains，"especially for a student who is learning English as their new language，to feel confident enough to say，'I don't know，but I want to know.'"
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
Throughout the year throughout 英 [θruː'aʊt] 美 [θrʊ'aʊt]adv. 自始至终，到处；全部 prep. 贯穿，遍及
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
C
6. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
7. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user's typing and the time between key presses.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
8. The keyboard can determine people's identities，and by extension，whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to — regardless of whether someone gets the password right.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
9. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed，with very low error rates.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
阅读七选五
10. If the air you're breathing is clean—which it would be if you're away from the smog of cities—then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
完形
11. Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
语法填空
12. Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating around human settlements，leading to the illusion that populations are higher than they actually are.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
全国二卷
A
13. There was a bit of me that didn't want to love this when everyone else on the planet did，but the horror story is brilliant.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
14. It's a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what's going on is horribly enjoyable.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
B
15. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren't even on.
一年到头英语词组怎么读，分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
16. I'm secretly relieved because I know there's real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
17. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community as you freely give your time，money，skills，or services provides a real joy.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
18. In that sense，I'm pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I'd freely like to admit.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
19. However，if others benefit in the process，and I get some reward too，does it really matter where my motivation lies?
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
C
20. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore，74 percent，according to statistics from the report.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
1、认识我们know us 2、等候火车waiting for the train 3、在南华路on the NanHua road 4、骑摩托ride motorcycle 5、开飞机fly a plane 6、在房子的后面behind the house 7、两幅太阳眼镜two pairs of sun glasses 8。
D
21. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school class，like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport，New York.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
（首先）at first （绿茶）green tea （导游）tour guide （爱上）fall in love with （一年到头）the whole year / year in, year out.希望能帮到你，不明白还可以追问.你要快点采纳哟，，嘻嘻！！
七选五
22. Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives，keeping in mind your beliefs，values and strengths.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
全国三卷
A
23. Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
B
24. Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world，which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
25. … not only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China — some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
C
26. The trend，then，was toward the "penny paper" — a term referring to papers made widely available to the public.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
D
27. After running hundreds of tests，the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time，indicating that they were performing a calculation，not just memorizing the value of each combination.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
28. When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely，they noticed that the monkeys tended to underestimate a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in value — sometimes choosing，for example，a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
七选五
29. While I have only listed two of each，there are obviously many other situations that can arise.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
30. Before asking questions about the course design，read the syllabus and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.
分析：__________________________________________________________________________
翻译：__________________________________________________________________________
全国1卷
A
1. 句意为：一年到头都可以上政府网页了解项目和有用的线上工具，这些工具能够帮助30岁以下的人增强技能，找到工作或者创业。
2. 句意为：通过暑期工项目，学生每年能够得到各种各样的暑期工作，工作地点包括省公共服务机构，及与之相关的机构和社区组织。
B
3. 句意为：他有着明亮的黑眼睛，看起来像是那种喜欢在公众场合演讲的孩子。
4. 句意为：Whaley回想起年初的时候，当要Chris朗读时，他就会请求去一趟卫生间。when called upon to read句中省略了he was。
5. 句意为：Whaley解释道，"对于任何一个学生来说，尤其是英语作为新语言学习的学生，自信地说出'我不知道，但我想知道'需要付出很多。"
C
6. 句意为：这种智能键盘精确地测量人打字的节奏和按压每个键的力度。本句包含一个由which引导的定语从句修饰the cadence。
7. 句意为：通过分析一些数据，例如使用者的打字力度和按键时间，(这种) 键盘可以提供一层强有力的安全措施。
8. 句意为：(这种) 键盘能确定人的身份，然后确定是否可以让他们访问已连接的电脑，不管这个人是否输入了正确的密码。the computer it's connected to是省略了关系代词的定语从句。
9. 句意为：根据参与者如何打字，从这台装置上收集来的数据可以用来辨认他们，错误率极低。collected from the device作定语修饰data，based on how they typed作方式状语修饰recognize，with very low error rates作伴随状语修饰recognize。
阅读七选五
完形
11. 句意为：乞力马扎罗山是该得到一个人满为患，安静被破坏的这样的名声吗？a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace中with … 为with复合结构作mountain的后置定语，在这个结构中，tourists和ruin之间为主动的关系，因此用了ruining。
语法填空
12. 句意为：对此，科学家们的回应是，饥饿的北极熊可能聚集在人类居住地附近，导致人们产生一种错觉，认为它们的数量比实际数量要多。本句中有两个that引导的从句，第一个that引导宾语从句，作noting的宾语；第二个that引导同位语从句，解释说明先行词the illusion。
全国二卷
A
13. 句意为：过去虽然其他人都喜欢恐怖小说，但是我有点不太喜欢。不过，这本恐怖小说倒是很出色。句中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词me；when引导让步状语从句，相当于although。
14. 句意为：它的情节扑朔迷离，当你意识到发生了什么时，沮丧就会成为一种可怕的享受。句中 when 引导的时间状语从句前置于主句的表语之前，正常语序为：the frustration is horribly enjoyable when you realise what's going on.
B
15. 句意为：我说起一位负责该活动的单亲家长，他有四个孩子；也谈到一位爸爸，即便他儿子没在那个球队，也给该球队执教。running the show作后置定语，修饰parent；coaching a team作后置定语，修饰dad；that引导定语从句，修饰team。
16. 句意为：我暗自欣慰，因为我知道众多人分担志愿者的工作会有真正的影响力。
18. 句意为：从那个角度说，我很确信志愿服务是一种自私的行为，但我不愿承认这一点。
C
20. 句意为：有74%的人只在晚餐时间才一起吃饭。only+状语放在句首，强调时间状语，其后习惯上用部分倒装。正确语序是We are eating together only at dinnertime anymore，74 percent，according to statistics from the report.
D
21. 句意为：它（美国国家航空航天局）在依靠NASA HUNCH 高中班，如在纽约费尔波特的费尔波特高中由理科老师吉恩戈登和唐娜·希梅尔伯格率领的NASA HUNCH 高中班。science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport，New York是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词the one，one指代NASA HUNCH high school class，关系代词that在定语从句中做lead的宾语。
七选五
throughout the year。例句：草莓一年到头都买得到，不过很贵。You can buy strawberries all year round, but at a price.2. 这个博物馆一年到头每天都开放。The museum is open daily throughout the year.3. 一年到。
22. 句意为：设定现实目标的另一种方法是，牢记你的信仰、价值观和优势的同时分析你的短期和长期目标。keeping in mind your beliefs，values and strengths是现在分词短语作伴随状语。
全国三卷
A
23. 句意为：林•曼努尔•米兰达写了这部关于亚历山大•汉密尔顿的音乐剧，该剧通过一个移民故事展现了美国的诞生。in which 是非限制性定语从句，修饰this musical。
B
24. 句意为：中国模特是美丽和时尚运动的代表，她们向全世界的女性推销梦想，这意味着中国女性不仅仅是时尚的消费者，她们也是时尚运动的核心。which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的句子。
25. 不仅是西方顶级的设计师正被中国影响着——一些当代最好的设计师自己就是中国人。not only置于句首，连接两个并列分句时，not only所在的句子要用部分倒装语序。
all the year round
C
26. 句意为：当时的趋势是"便士报" ——一个术语，指广泛向公众提供的报纸。破折号后的部分对"penny paper"进行解释说明。referring to … 作后置定语修饰a term，其中made widely … 作papers的后置定语。
D
27. 句意为：在进行了数百次试验后，研究人员注意到，猴子超过一半的时间都会选择触摸更高的值，这表明它们在进行计算，而不是仅仅记住每个组合的值。本句主干为the researchers noted that …，that引导宾语从句，indicating that …为现在分词作状语，其中that引导宾语从句。
28. 句意为：当研究小组更仔细地测试实验结果时，他们注意到，两个数字的总和与单个的数字相比，当两者的值相近时，猴子们往往会低估两个数字之和——例如，有时会选择13而不是8和6的和。本句主干为When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely，they noticed that …，这是一个由when引导的时间状语从句，主句中包含一个that引导的宾语从句，该宾语从句中还包含一个由when引导的时间状语从句。compared with为过去分词短语作状语，破折号后面的内容为现在分词短语作状语。
七选五
29. 句意为：虽然每一项我只列出了两种，但显然还会有许多其他情况出现。此句为while引出的让步状语从句，在主句中又包含了一个that引导的定语从句，that指代的是many other situations.
30. 句意为： 在询问有关课程设计的问题前，要阅读教学大纲以及学习管理体系，以确保问题的答案不是显而易见的。本句是一个祈使句，asking …是分词短语作状语，to be sure…是不定式短语作目的状语。
