Today，on LetThemTalkTV. We&39;re going to look at how the French language has influenced the English language.

在今天的 LetThemTalkTV 里。我们将一起在巴黎看看法语是如何影响英语的。

And I'm joined today by the enfant terrible of English language teaching.

今天，我也遇到了英语教学中最糟糕的孩子。

It's John from English with Monty.

来自 English with Monty 频道的约翰。

Say hello，Jon.

给大家问个好吧。

Hi there. How are you doing，everyone?

你好。大家好吗？

And what you got there?

你那里有什么？

I got this -... Careful you can poke someone's eye out with that.

我有这个...-小心，你会把别人的眼睛戳出来的。

Stay tuned.

别走开。

It is estimated that 41% of everyday English words originated from French and only 33% from Anglo-Saxon also called Old English.

据估计，41% 的日常英语单词起源于法语，只有 33% 源自盎格鲁-撒克逊语，也称为古英语。

So what we are saying here is that there are more English words of French origin than there are English words of Anglo-Saxon origin.

所以我们要说的是，起源于法语的英语单词比起源于盎格鲁-撒克逊语的要多。

Now that&39;t it?

这很不可思议，不是吗？

English is a Germanic language，but if an English speaker looks at a page of German and a page of French，he or she is going to understand much more of the French page than the German page.

英语是日耳曼语，但是如果一个说英语的人看一页德语和一页法语，他或她能理解的法语要比德语更多。

What the hell happened?

到底发生了什么事？

英语为什么能成为国际通用语，Do we speak English or French? In order to find out，we need a little historical context.

我们说的到底是英语还是法语？为了找出答案，我们需要一点历史背景。

In 1066，William the Conqueror landed at Hastings in England，and within a short time，the Norman invaders had taken the whole country.

1066 年，征服者威廉在英国的黑斯廷斯登陆，在很短的时间内，诺曼入侵者占领了整个国家。

For the next five centuries，French was the language of the ruling class in England.

在接下来的五个世纪，法语是英国统治阶级的语言。

During this time，the nobility were born，lived and died in England.

在此期间，贵族在英国出生、生活和死亡。

But their language was French and most would have known little or no English.

但是他们的语言是法语，大多数人几乎不懂英语。

The language of court was French. The aristocracy spoke French.

法庭语言是法语。贵族们讲法语。

The government，the justice system，the church. Everything was conducted in French or rather Anglo Norman，which was the dialect of French from Normandy.

政府、司法系统、教会。一切都是用法语进行的，或者更确切地说是盎格鲁诺曼语，这是诺曼底的法语方言。

However，the English language，or rather the English languages，as there were various dialects of Anglo-Saxon spoken in England at that time... continued to be spoken all across the land.

然而，英语，或者更确切地说是英语，因为当时英国有各种盎格鲁撒克逊方言，还在各地被持续使用中。

in the farms across England，the Lords may have spoken French，but those who toiled the Earth，the peasants spoke English，the craftsmen and the artisans，the butchers，the bakers and the candlestick makers spoke Old English and，as I said，Old English Anglo-Saxon. That's the same thing.

在英格兰各地的农场里，领主们可能会说法语，但是那些在地里辛勤劳作的农民会说英语，英国人、工匠和工匠、屠夫、面包师和烛台制造商都说古英语，正如我所说，也就是古英语盎格鲁撒克逊语。这是一回事。

The nature of the Norman Conquest of England was different from most of the previous invaders，except perhaps the Romans.

诺曼征服英格兰的性质不同于大多数以前的入侵者，也许罗马人除外。

When the Romans invaded in 56 A. D. ，most people on the island spoke Celtic languages.

当罗马人在公元 56 年入侵时，岛上的大多数人都说凯尔特语。

Today，speakers of these languages of these this language group are still found in the UK.

今天，在英国仍然可以找到说这些语言的人。

Welsh is spoken across Wales and in the North West and the islands of Scotland.

威尔士各地、西北部和苏格兰岛屿都说威尔士语。

Gaelic can still be heard，by the way.

顺便说一句，盖尔语仍然可以听到。

The Romans they invaded left very few words of Latin in our language.

他们入侵的罗马人在我们的语言中留下的拉丁语单词很少。

The huge number of Latin that came into English arrived many centuries later after the Norman conquests.

在诺曼征服后的许多世纪，大量拉丁语进入英语。

But that's a subject for different video.

但这是别的视频主题了。

From the fifth century onwards，there were waves of migration and invasions from Germanic speaking tribes.

从五世纪开始，日耳曼语部落的移民和入侵浪潮不断。

The Angles where the name English comes from，the Saxons，the Jutes and more. And then came the Vikings.

盎格鲁人（英语一词就来源于此）、撒克逊人、朱特人等等。然后是维京人。

There is much debate about when the Vikings from Scandinavia first invaded.

关于斯堪的纳维亚维京人第一次入侵的时间有诸多争论。

But most historians put the dates of the first invasion AD 793 (or 793 CE) ，as people say these days，when the Vikings attacked and looted the monastery at Lindisfarne.

但是大多数历史学家把第一次入侵的日期定在公元 793 年（或人们现如今爱说的 793 CE)），维京人袭击并抢劫了林迪斯法恩的修道院。

During subsequent centuries，they took control of most of the country，but their influence was particularly strong in the North.

在随后的几个世纪里，他们控制了该国的大部分地区，但他们的影响力在北方尤其强大。

Now this video is about the influence of French on English，not Old English or Old Norse.

现在这个视频是关于法语对英语的影响，而不是古英语或古斯堪的纳维亚语。

但是这一点对于理解为什么英语是现在的样子非常重要。

Now the Angles，the Saxons，the Jutes，the Vikings. When they invaded，they lived among the people and they were the rulers，but they intermarried with local people.

现在盎格鲁人，撒克逊人，朱特人，维京人。当他们入侵时，他们生活在人民中间，他们是统治者，但他们与当地人通婚。

They built communities. They toiled the lands. They built towns and villages.

他们建立了社区。他们在土地上辛勤劳作。他们建造城镇和村庄。

The Vikings and the Anglo-Saxon tribes spoke different languages，but they were similar languages.

维京人和盎格鲁-撒克逊部落说不同的语言，但它们很相似。

And what happens when people who speak similar but different languages meet each other? For example a Spaniard and an Italian or a Swede and a Dane?

当说相似但不同语言的人相遇时会发生什么？例如西班牙人和意大利人，或者瑞典人和丹麦人？

They might... You know，simplify the language a little bit，simplify the grammar to help the interlocutor understand.

他们可能会……你知道的，简化一点语言，简化语法以帮助对话者理解。

Well，this is kind of a simplified explanation，but explains why English lost a lot of its complex constructions，such as masculine，feminine and neuter nouns that there used to be an Old English，but not anymore. And it's cases.

嗯，这是一种简化的解释，但解释了为什么英语失去了很多复杂的结构，比如阳性、阴性和中性名词，这些名词以前是古英语，但现在不是了。这就是原因。

Now，let's return to French.

现在，让我们说回到法语。

When the Normans invaded，unlike previous waves of invaders，the Normans，they didn't mingle so much with the people.

诺曼人入侵时，不像之前的一波又一波侵略者，诺曼人，他们没有和人民打成一片。

They didn't intermarry and join every level of society.

他们没有通婚，也没有加入社会的各个阶层。

Instead，they imposed themselves in quite a different way.

相反，他们以完全不同的方式强加自己。

They were very much a ruling class.

他们在很大程度上是一个统治阶级。

They built castles and fortresses across the country to control the local population rather than live with them.

他们在全国各地建造城堡和堡垒来控制当地人口，而不是和他们住在一起。

This essentially is why the ruling class spoke French，but the peasants and working people in the towns and villages across England continued，speaking English.

这本质上就是为什么统治阶级说法语，但英格兰各地城镇和村庄的农民和劳动人民继续说英语。

You can see this，for example，in the names of foods.

例如，你可以在食物的名称中看到这一点。

The French aristocracy ate the food in their castles and called it by the names that they were familiar with.

法国贵族在他们的城堡里吃食物，并用他们熟悉的名字来称呼它。

For example，beef from boeuf，veal，pork，mutton，venison.

例如，牛肉，小牛肉，猪肉，羊肉，鹿肉。

While the peasants were English and we still use the English names for the animals themselves.

而农民是英国人，他们仍然使用动物本身的英文名称。

Cow，Calf，Sheep，Deer.

牛，小牛，绵羊，鹿。

French spoken in England after the Norman invasion is often referred to as Anglo-Norman，and it was a different dialect from the Parisian French.

诺曼入侵后在英国说的法语通常被称为盎格鲁-诺曼语，这是一种不同于巴黎法语的方言。

However，Parisian French continue to exert its influence on English for centuries.

然而，几个世纪以来，巴黎法语继续对英语施加影响。

This means sometimes we have the same French words entering the English language twice，once from Anglo-Norman and once from Parisian French.

这意味着有时我们会有相同的法语单词两次进入英语，一次来自盎格鲁诺曼法语，一次来自巴黎法语。

So，for example，Warden is from Anglo Norman.

例如，典狱长来自盎格鲁-诺曼法语。

French means a supervisor in a certain place.

法语的意思是某个地方的主管。

So for example，we talk today about a prison warden.

举个例子，我们今天谈论一个监狱长。

But guardian comes from Parisian French，and it means a protector of something，and it has a more lofty.

但是 guardian 来自巴黎法语，意思是某物的保护者，它有一个更崇高的意思。

Meaning，for example.

意义是，例如。

You&39;ve done.

英语是一种西日耳曼语，在中世纪早期的英国最早被使用，并因其广阔的殖民地而成为世界使用面积最广的语言。所以，英语成为一种国际通用语/世界语言是和英国的发展和强盛的国力相关的。自17世纪以来，现代英语在英国和美国的广。

你是个牧师，你自称是我们道德的守护者，但看看你做了什么。

So it's strange that we have two French words where the French only have one.

所以很奇怪，我们有两个法语单词，而法语只有一个。

So sometimes we have more French words than the French. That&39;t it?

有时候我们的法语单词比法语多，真奇怪，不是吗？

Other examples of such as pairs，guarantee and warranty，as you see，the the W is from Anglo-Norman French，guard and ward，similar to what we just looked at，catch and chase cattle and chattel，charity and cheer.

其他例子比如说 pairs，guarantee 和 warranty，如你所见，W 来自盎格鲁诺曼法语，guard 和 ward，和我们刚才看的差不多，catch 和 chase cattle 和 chattel，charity 和 cheer.

When the Normans came over，they not only brought the French language but also Latin，which was used in government and in the church.

当诺曼人过来时，他们不仅带来了法语，还带来了拉丁语，拉丁语在政府和教堂中被使用。

The English language at this time became the third language in its own country，even though it was the language of 90% of the population.

此时的英语成为了自己国家的第三语言，尽管它是 90% 人口的语言。

And the situation would remain like that for 300 years，although it was largely ignored by the French aristocracy.

这种情况将持续 300 年，尽管它在很大程度上被法国贵族所忽视。

English continued to evolve.

英语继续发展着。

The Norman conquest began in 1066 and the first English monarch to speak English as a first language was Henry IV in 1399.

诺曼征服始于 1066 年，第一位以英语为第一语言的英国君主是 1399 年的亨利四世。

However，even after that date，when English became the language of England，finally，French still continue to wield an enormous amount of influence，and French words and expressions continued to be absorbed into English.

Have a look at the coat of arms on the British passport.

看看英国护照上的盾形纹章。

There are two phrases on it，but they are not English. They are French.

上面有两个短语，但它们不是英语，而是法语。

You have &34; my God and my right，and the other is &34;，which means shame on those who think bad of it.

有“dieu et mon droit”，我的上帝和我的权利，另一个是“honi soit qui mal y pense”这意味着为那些认为不好的人感到羞耻。

We&39;s on the passport another time.

我们下次会解释为什么护照上有这个。

Strange，isn't it?

很奇怪，不是吗？

After all these centuries，French not English is on the cover of the British passport.

经过这么多世纪，英国护照的封面上是法语而不是英语。

There are so many words of French and [Anglo-Norman] in English，but here it's just a few examples from governments.

英语中有这么多法语和盎格鲁-诺曼法语单词，但这里只是关于政府的几个例子而已。

We have Monarch，duke，mayor，council government，peasant，realm from church ad religion，ecclesiastical，faith，prey abbey，saint，parish，clergy，from the law: Justice，judge，crime evidence，jury，attorney，court.

我们有君主、公爵、市长、议会政府、农民、来自教堂和宗教的领域、教会、信仰、猎物修道院、圣徒、教区、来自法律的：神职人员、，法官、犯罪证据、陪审团、律师、法庭。

From military: war，battle，castle，fortress，combat，navy garrison. From food: Salad，cream，soup，seasoning，casserole，herbs.

来自军事：战争、战斗、城堡、堡垒、战斗、海军驻军。来自食物：沙拉、奶油、汤、调味品、砂锅菜、草药。

From education and medicine: Study，surgeon，medicine，art，essay and much，much more.

来自教育和医学：学习、外科医生、医学、艺术、论文等等。

Although in England，we speak English，the French language continued to be a source of words and expressions.

虽然在英国我们说英语，但法语仍然是单词和表达的来源。

Now let&39;d like to draw your attention.

现在让我们看看我们在英语中使用的一些日常表达，我想提请你注意。

first of all，to one very common English idiom which demonstrates the importance of French.

首先，一个非常常见的英语习语证明了法语的重要性。

And that is &34;.

那就是“原谅我的法语”。

In English，you say pardon my French when you want to apologize for swearing，saying something bad，using rude words.

在英语中，当你想为咒骂道歉时，比如说你说了一些不好的话，使用了粗鲁的语言，都可以说 pardon my French。

For example，that Perkins in accounts is a bloody bastard. If you'll pardon my French. Or if you hurt yourself. Oh. f***pardon my French.

OK，so apologizing for swearing and the origin of the item is curious because it didn't always mean that，it comes from the late 19th century when English speakers would use a lot of French expressions in conversation.

好的，为咒骂道歉和它的起源很奇怪，因为它并不总是意味着这个意思，它来自 19 世纪末，当时说英语的人会在谈话中使用很多法语表达。

And pardon my French or excuse my French was used literally to indicate to the person that you were speaking to that you had switched languages and to apologize if your French wasn't quite right.

pardon my French 或 excuse my French 字面意思是向和你说话的人表示你换了语言，如果你的法语不太对而道歉。

To this day，we still use a lot of French expressions in English.

直到今天，我们仍然在英语中使用大量法语表达。

Now let us have a look with Jon and see how common they still are.

现在让我们和 Jon 一起看看它们仍然有多普遍。

So，Jon，today we've got some English expressions that come from the French language.

乔恩，今天我们来学习一些源自法语的英语表达。

What you have to do is say what they mean in English，of course.

当然，你要做的就是用英语说出它们的意思。

Give an example. And also，I divided up these expressions into three levels.

举个例子。同时，我把这些表达分成三个层次。

Level one，everybody knows them. Like c&39;s been a terrible day. But c'est la vie，everyone will know that: Level two kind of most people will know them，but a little more unusual.

一级，每个人都认识它们。就像 c&39;est la vie，所有人都知道它。二级：那种大多数人都知道它们，只不过稍微有些不同寻常罢了。

And Level three，very formal and literary expressions that you would only perhaps use in writing or among，you know，very educated and literary like people... - Like yourself - like myself，you wouldn't use them in general conversation. Yeah.

第三级，非常正式和文学的表达，你可能只会在写作中使用，或者，只有受过良好教育和喜欢文学的人……-像你自己。-像我一样，你不会在一般谈话中使用它们。是啊。

So you have to say the level one，level two，level three，that will help you when you're deciding which ones you can use.

所以你必须说第一级，第二级，第三级，这样你能决定哪种可以用，很有用处。

Also，what about pronunciation?

还有，那么发音呢？

According to Fowler，Fowler&39;re using a French or any foreign expression in English，you shouldn&39;s English，but you shouldn&39;s English.

根据《福勒的现代英语用法》，当你在英语中使用法语或任何外国表达时，你不应该像法语一样发音，因为它是英语，但是你不应该把它发音成英语。

That&39;t it? Yeah.

这很令人困惑，不是吗？是的。

So it&39;s a foreign language，but not so perfect，because then you're showing off.

所以它介于两者之。-介于两者之间，只是为了向听众表明这是一门外语，但不太完美，因为那样你就在炫耀了。

Yes，my French accent is wonderful. That's true.

是的，我的法国口音很棒。那是真的。

So，for example，you would say Bon Appetit. Not Bon Appétit，which would be English，which would sound ridiculous or bon appétit. That would be too French.

例如，你会说 Bon Appetit。不是 Bon Appétit，那是英语，听起来很荒谬或 bon appétit。那就太法国化了。

Well，it&39;t really do the French accent perfectly.

嗯，并不是的，因为我不能完美地模仿法国口音。

So somewhere in between. Yeah，that's a challenge for you.

介于两者之间。是的，这对你来说是个挑战。

Challenge for French people. You have to like not sound too French.

这是对法国人民的挑战。你必须喜欢听起来不要太法国化。

So let's go，the first one here. Here we are.

让我们来看看这里的第一个。就是这个。

Deja vu. I would say deja vu is definitely a level one.

Deja vu。我会说 Deja vu 绝对是第一级的。

Everyone knows deja vu. -Everybody knows that. Yes.

由于19世纪的英国殖民主义和20世纪的美国资本主义和技术进步，英语被选为国际交流的主要语言在技术上，互联网的引入和传播进一步巩固了英语的作用，并加强了其作为全球通用语言的地位。关于全球化和英语之间关系的观点可以分为同。

每个人都知道 Deja vu。-每个人都知道 Deja vu，是的。

What's it mean? -Well，so this video seems a little bit like deja vu to me.

这是什么意思？-嗯，所以这个视频对我来说有点似曾相识。

I&39;ve done something like this.

我相信我们做过这样的事情。

But yeah，that feeling that it&39;t remember where.

但是是的，那种感觉以前发生过。是的。我们有......我们之前做过视频，我只是不记得在哪里了。

Me neither. - Exactly.

我也是。-没错。

I think in French，if he&39;t it?

我想用法语来说就是他可能已经见过了，不是吗？

That's the literal meaning.

那是字面意思。

Yeah，yeah. OK，thank you. Next one.

是啊是啊。好的，谢谢你。下一个。

So coup d&39;état in a country far away that was unstable.

所以 coup d&39;état。

Yes. Rule Ruritannia，that&39;état Rule Ruritannia. Yeah，yeah. Yeah，yeah.

是的。Rule Ruritannia，那是虚构的国家，Rule Ruritannia 最近发生了政变。好，好，好。

So the army took over，right?

所以军队接管了，对吗？

Yeah，that's correct. Well，yeah，yeah.

是的，没错。嗯，是的，是的。

It&39;s probably a level two to me.

这是第一级还是第二级？我会说这对我来说可能是第二级。

Yeah. It's not used every day.

是的。它不是日常用词。

You'd recognize it. Yeah，definitely recognize that.

你会认出来的。是的，绝对是认识的。

Yeah，a lot of people shorten it to coup，wouldn't they?

是啊，很多人把它缩短为政变，不是吗？

Yeah，a lot of people would say coup you'd hear that in the news It was a coup in this country.

是的，很多人会说政变，你会在新闻里听到。这是这个国家的政变。

Yeah. Yeah，that&39;état.

是啊，那是 coup d'état 的简称。

By the way，I think they use expression in Japanese.

顺便说一下，我想他们日语里面也有这个表达。

Wow. Because I was in Japan a long time ago and I was sick and I spent all day in bed and I was watching Japanese TV，I didn&39;état.

哇哦。因为我很久以前在日本生病了，我一整天都在床上，我当时在看日本的电视节目，所以我当时什么都不懂，除了我一直在说“政变”这个词。

And yeah，so they probably got the expression via English rather than my French.

是的，所以他们可能是通过英语而不是法语得到这个表达的。

I guess there was a coup d'état there somewhere，and I thought oh no! Was it Britain?

我猜哪里发生了政变，我想，哦，不要啊！难道是英国吗？

I return and there has been a coup d&39;ll be stopped and arrested at the airport.

那里发生了政变，然后我回来了，于是我会在机场被拦截和逮捕。

Interesting. Yeah.

有趣。是啊。

所以下一个是 voila。voila 就像这样。

I'm bordering on one and two.

我觉得这个词属于一和二之间。

I'm thinking one. But maybe will we move in different circles?

我觉得这属于一级。但也许这是因为我们身处不同的圈子？

It&39;s possible.

有可能。是的，是的，有可能。

Yeah，you definitely move in high circles. - It seems fairly common. Anyway，You&39;s the video.

是的，你肯定在高层圈子里移动。-这看起来很常见。总之，举个例子，这是视频。

Yeah，you press this button and voila，the machine starts working.

是的，你按下这个按钮，瞧，机器开始工作。

Yeah，sure. You want coffee? OK? Press that button. Switch on. Press the button. Voila!

是的，当然。你要咖啡吗？好吗？按下那个按钮。打开。按下按钮。瞧！

Yeah. So a meaning like here it is. There it is. And there you go.

是的。就像这里这样的意思。就在这里。就是这样。

I think use the same way in French，isn't it? Yes.

我想在法语中也是同样的用法，不是吗？是的。

Yeah，I would have thought so.

是的，我也这么想。

Because I should say a few of these expressions we use in English，but the French don't use them or they have another expression. Mm-Hmm.

因为我应该说一些我们在英语中使用的表达，但是法国人不使用它们，或者他们有另一种表达方式。嗯嗯。

We'll get to that later.

我们稍后再谈这个。

So bon voyage. I，well，I would say bon voyage is a level 2.

接下来说 bon voyage。我，嗯，我会说 bon voyage 是 2 级。

People still say that，don't they? P-eople would do，Yeah，yeah，I guess so.

人们仍然会这么说，对吧？-他们会这么说，是的，是的，我想是的。

Some people would say have a good trip. Some people say，Bon Voyage.

有些人会说 have a good trip。有些人说，bon voyage。

Uh，I guess so. It's probably a little bit higher level.

呃，我想是的。可能有点相对高级。

Is that in the sense you wouldn't? Yeah，OK.

从某种意义上说你不会这么说。是的。

Most everyday people would say，have a good trip or have fun，wouldn't they?

大多数人会说，have a good trip 或 have fun，不是吗？

So that's fine putting it in level 2 to be OK. Alright，level two.

所以把它放在第二级就可以了。好吧，第二级。

OK. au contraire.

好的。au contraire。

Au contraire. That means to the opposite，literally the opposite.

au contraire。这意味着相反，字面意思相反。

Yeah. So let me ask you a question，Jon.

是的。让我问你一个问题，Jon。

We&39;t like rugby，so you haven't been invited.

我们要去看橄榄球比赛，但是你不喜欢橄榄球，所以你没有被邀请。

Ou contraire. Gideon. I love rugby. -Oh，you do. OK，well，here's your ticket. -Thank you very much.

au contraire，吉迪恩。我喜欢橄榄球。-哦，你喜欢啊。好的，这是你的票。-非常感谢。

Wow，that&39;re going to win the next one.

哇哦，真是太棒了。所以英格兰对法国的比赛，我想我们会赢下一场。

This one next one.

下一个。

Esprit de corps. - Yeah. Esprit de corps.

Esprit de corps。- 是的。Esprit de corps。

I would say. This is definitely a level three because being the the ignorant person I am，I didn't know this before，did I?

我会说这绝对是三级，因为作为一个无知的人，我以前不知道，是吗？

OK，you have to explain it to me，didn't you? Yeah.

好吧，你必须解释给我听，不是吗？是的。

So it&39;s right.

所以这是身体的精神。那是对的吗？-对。

That&39;s a level three. it&39;s quite literally.

那就对了。我想这是三级。这是字面意思。

Maybe I can give an example.

或许我可以举个例子。

Yeah. So I know in some countries，the workers，before they start work，they do some exercises together in the morning and this is to build this esprit de corps of the team.

是的。所以我知道在一些国家，工人们在开始工作之前，他们早上一起做一些锻炼，这是为了建立团队的团队精神。

One I use quite a lot myself.

这个我自己也经常使用。

Faux pas. So this is an interesting one.

Faux pas.这是一个有趣的例子。

Yeah，I mean，I suppose，you know，I maybe I have my mother in law over and I insult her cooking.

是的，我是说，我想，你知道，比如说我请了我岳母过来玩，我侮辱了她的厨艺。

Oh，Jon，you made a terrible faux pas. Yeah，exactly.

哦，Jon，你犯了一个可怕的 faux pas。是啊，没错。

Yeah，that's a bad thing to do.

对，那可是件坏事。

Yeah，and never do that.

是的，永远不要那样做。

I remember one of my work colleagues once told me I made a faux pas when I came to work in double denim.

我记得我的一位同事曾经告诉我，当我穿着牛仔套装来上班时，我犯了一个 faux pas。

Double denim. -Yes，denim jeans，denim jacket.

牛仔套装。-是的，牛仔牛仔裤，牛仔夹克。

And they said，You have made a fashion faux pas.

他们说，你犯了时尚失礼。

Yeah，you did that yesterday，didn't you? -No，never again.

是的，你昨天这么做了，不是吗？-不，再也不会了。

By the way，what's that plural faux pas in English?

顺便问一下，那个复数形式的失礼用英语怎么说？

Is there a plural? Thought you made two faux pas.

有没有复数呢？你犯了两个失礼的话。

I guess you would that wouldn&39;d have to say that that wouldn't you，too?

我想你不会用法语，但是用英语，你也会这么说，不是吗？

That's very true. Yeah，you would say two faux pas.

那是非常真实的。是的，你会说两个 faux pas。

Yeah，yeah，yeah.

对，对，没错。

But you'd have a bad day if you did two faux pas.

但是如果你犯了两次 faux pas，你这一天会很糟糕。

Yeah，I&39;ve had those kind of days.

是的，我确定我也有过这样的日子。

Yeah，but those kind of days when you turn up at your mother in law&39;s just not going well today.

是啊，但是那种你出现在你岳母家，穿着牛仔套装，侮辱她烹饪的日子哦，是的，只是今天不太顺利。

OK，raison d'etre. Yeah，OK.

好的，raison d'etre 这个词。是的。

Yeah，this is an interesting one.

是的，这个很有趣。

I&39;s a level three. Do you agree?

我认为这是第三级。你同意吗？

That&39;s level three. - I wouldn't use it in normal conversation，but you would in some circumstances.

这是第三级。-我可能会说这是第三级。-我不会在正常谈话中使用它，但在某些情况下你会使用它。

Yeah，that's true. - Not everyone can understand it.

对，没错。-不是每个人都能理解的。

Yeah，you came out with an interesting example about the Brexit Party，who were obviously campaigning for Brexit.

是的，你拿出了一个关于英国脱欧党的有趣例子，他们显然在为英国脱欧竞选。

And the raison d'etre was Brexit，they got Brexit.

raison d'etre 是英国脱欧，他们让英国脱欧。

I hate Brexit，by the way. Am I allowed to say that?

顺便说一句，我讨厌英国脱欧。我可以这么说吗？

为什么英语能成为世界通用语言？二战以后随着英美两国迅速崛起，英语也随着两国的发展而被传播到越来越多的地方，因为两国迅速侵占大量的领土，将英语的影响力扩大，因此英语也就慢慢成为通用性语言。从本质上说英语是一种海洋。

I don't know. OK.

我不知道。好吧。

I said，Okay，well，no.

我说，好吧，不行。

I think it&39;m anti-Brexit anyway.

我想反正我是反英国脱欧的，这已经不是什么秘密了。

But the Brexit Party，their raison d'etre was Brexit，and they got Brexit. So why do they exist anymore?

但是英国脱欧党，他们存在的理由是英国脱欧，他们让英国脱欧了。那么他们为什么还存在呢？

That&39;ve more morphed into something new and exciting，right?

这是个好问题，它们已经演变成一些新的和令人兴奋的东西，对吗？

Yeah，the less said about that the better，anyway，we'll continue savoir faire.

是啊，越少说越好。不管怎样，我们将继续讲课，savoir faire 这个词。

I would say this is probably a level 2 one. Would you agree? -Yeah，I agree.

我会说这可能是二级的。你同意吗？-是的，我同意。

Yeah，I agree. Most people know even if they don&39;s be honest.

对，我同意。说实话，大部分人即使不用也会知道。

Yeah，my savoir faire of cooking French pastries. You have the savoir faire. I don't know. We should ask John to make our French pastries.

是的，我烹饪法式糕点的绝。-你有绝活？我不知道。我们应该让约翰给我们做法式糕点。

Yeah，I can do pain au chocolat without gluten as well. How good is that?

是的，我也可以做不含麸质的巧克力面包。这多棒啊。

OK，I can't wait. Indeed. OK. Yeah.

好吧，我等不及了。确实。好吧。是的。

So interesting that I think the French do say savoir faire，but I&39;ve heard them use know-how，know-how，which is the translation.

太有趣了，我想法国人确实说过 savoir faire，但我听说过他们使用 know-how，这就是英语翻译。

The French are using our expression we&39;s curious. Yeah，yeah.

法国人正在使用我们的表达方式 you know-how，我们又用他们的表达方式。很奇怪。是啊是啊。

So next one is creme de la creme.

下一个是 Creme de la creme。

Yeah. Well，this is an easy one.

是的。嗯，这个很简单。

Yeah. So level one，we think a level two.

是的。所以第一级还是第二级呢？

Uh，I think it&39;t it?

呃，我想它更稍微接近第二级，不是吗？

I mean，it would be commonly used，but yeah，perhaps a bit more on the two.

我是说，这是常用的，但是是的，也许更偏第二级。

Yeah，because I've got a very good example... -Go ahead. - So out of all of your 75 teachers.

是的，因为我有一个非常好的例……-说说看。-从你所有的 75 名老师中。

OK，your your English is... - Not true. -But I am the creme de la creme.

好吧，你的英语……-不是真的。-但是我是精英。

You all depend on it and I am the top teacher. Yeah.

你们都靠它，我是最好的老师。是啊。

Interestingly，though，the French，they don't use creme de la creme or not so much.

有趣的是，法国人，他们不使用 creme de la creme。或者没那么多。

They&39;re using the French，they&39;t make any sense in English，doesn't it?

他们更有可能想到 top du top，也就是英语，我们用的是法语，他们用英语，是因为这在英语中没有任何意义，不是吗？

It makes no sense at all. -... top du top.

确实没意义。-……top du top.

No，it doesn't mean...

是的，这并不意味着……

OK，so passé. So something is passé means it's kind of gone is the old fashioned.

好的，passé，如果说有些东西 passé，意味着它有点过时了。

We don&39;t use it anymore. We don&39;s very true.

我们不再穿它了。我们不再使用它了。我们不再这样做了。对，没错。

Yeah. Is rock music，passé? Young people aren&39;t know I'm young，still listening to it.

是的。摇滚乐过时了吗？年轻人不听摇滚乐了。-我不知道。我还年轻，还在听。

You still? That's good，me，too.

你还在听？挺好的，我也是。

double entendre.

double entendre 这个词呢？

ooh，I like this one.

我喜欢这个。

Yeah，I would say this level two.

是的，我会说这是第二级。

And you have a rather nice lunch box.

你有一个相当不错的饭盒。

Well，excuse me，what did you say?

不好意思，你刚才说什么？

You said you have a rather nice lunch. -Oh! a lunch box. Oh，because that has two meanings.

你说你有一个相当好的午餐。-哦！午餐盒。哦，因为那有两层意思。

Yeah，double entendre is like a phrase which has two meanings，sometimes one of them is a bit sexual.

是的，double entendre 就像一个短语，但是它有两个意思，其中一个包含性意味。

Yeah，but you're talking literally about my lunch box here.

是的，但你说的是我的饭盒。

Yeah，indeed. That's a very nice，nice lunch box.

是的，确实如此。那是一个非常好的饭盒。

And it featured in another video just in a bit. Yes. Check it out. Step up here.

它很快就会出现在另一个视频中。是的。看看呗，就点上面。

Yeah. By the way，double entendre is not used by the French.

是的。顺便说一下，法国人不使用这个词 double entendre。

They don't say that now.

他们现在不这么说。

OK，well，I think it doesn't make any sense.

好，我觉得这讲不通。

They say un mot de，double sense I&39;ll have to check with a French person.

他们说 un mot de，我不确定，我必须和法国人核实一下。

英语是官方语言，也是主要的语言，包括：巴西（连同葡萄牙语）、加拿大（连同法语）、多米尼克、圣路西亚和圣文森及格瑞那丁（连同法语）、密克罗尼西亚联邦、爱尔兰共和国（连同爱尔兰语）、利比里亚（连同非洲语言）、新加坡和。

Okay. I'm not French，by the way，speaking.

好吧，顺便说一句，我不是法国人。

En suite.

En suite 这个词呢？

英语是国际通用语言。英语成为国际通用语的原因：从语言本身看，它简单易学，使用率高；从历史来看，英国在世界各地有过许多殖民地，英语在许多国家与地区都是通用或官方语言之一。相对而言，英语较大程度的起到了会话媒介的作。

So we would use this in a hotel，wouldn't we?

所以我们会在酒店里用这个，不是吗？

Yeah. Well，if you&39;d have a master bedroom with an en suite，which means your bathroom is connected to the main room.

是的。如果你在家，是的，你会有一个带连接浴室的主卧室，这意味着你的浴室和主房间相连。

Yeah，I would say this is a level one，isn't it? I think so.

是的，我会说这是个一级词，不是吗？我是这么想的。

I think the French don&39;s not the same sense anyway.

我认为法国人也不会使用这个词，意义也不一样。

But I think they say，I think that everything is en suite anyway. -... so that they say additional bathroom or the French accent，something like that.

但是我想他们说，我认为一切都是 en suite。-所以他们说额外的浴室或者法国口音，类似的东西。

OK，yes，interesting.

好，是的，有趣。

This is an interesting one，especially because of the pronunciation. I think it is used in French，but pronunciation is completely different.

这个挺有趣的，尤其是发音。我想它在法语会被使用，但发音完全不同。

Here you are. -Oh so，cul de sac.

给你。-哦，这个词 cul de sac。

Oh，you say different to me. I say cul de sac.

哦，你跟我说的不一样。我说 cul de sac。

But just because you come from somewhere in the Midlands So what does it mean?

但可能是因为你来自中土的某处。那么这意味着什么呢？

So it's a road that is not a through road. So typically in a residential area，you would have a cul de sac as in it ends，and there is no through way to. Yeah，exactly.

所以这条路不是直通的。所以通常是在住宅区，你会有一个死胡同，就像它的尽头一样，没有直通的方式。是啊，正是。

I think it is used in French，but they would say cul de sac something like that.

我想它在法语中使用，但他们会说 cul de sac 之类的。

But if you said cul de sac in England，no one would understand what you&39;t go down that road. It's a cul de sac. They would say. What are you talking about?

但是如果你在英国说 cul de sac，没有人会明白你在说什么。不要走那条路。这是 cul de sac。他们会说，你在说什么？

Yeah. They'd have no idea. So yes，cul de sac.

是的。他们会听不懂。所以是的，cul de sac。

However，Jon says it. That's the right way.

然而，Jon 说了。这是正确的说法。

I got one more for you，Jon. Bete Noir.

Jon，我还有一个词给你。Bete Noir。

So I would automatically say this is a level three.

所以我自然而然地认为这是第三级。

That's a level three.

这是第三级。

But I could say your spelling is your Bete Noir. Exactly.

但我可以说你的拼写是你的 Bete Noir。正是。

The thing that is most difficult and cumbersome and hated by me，and in English you use it for things like，I think in French，you just use it for people.

最困难、最麻烦、最讨厌的事情是，我觉得在英语中，你用它来形容事物，在法语中，你只能用它来形容人。

I think so，but in English you can use it for things.

我想是的，但是在英语中我认为你可以用它来描述事物。

Yes，spelling is my bete noire，I keep making spelling mistakes.

拼写是我最讨厌的，我总是犯拼写错误。

But it literally means black beast.

但字面意思是黑色野兽。

Yeah. black beast Wow. OK，sounds. Yeah，serious.

是的，黑色野兽。哇。好，听起来。是啊，认真的。

OK，well，I wonder if we should make this video into a film noir.

好，我想知道我们是否应该把这段视频拍成黑色电影。

It could be a murder and there could be，you know，some detective work，and as a detective，you're the crème de la crème.

这可能是一起谋杀案，也可能是一些侦探行动，作为一名侦探，你是精英。

So yeah，yeah. Well，as long as I don't get murdered. Yeah.

所以是的。只要我不会被谋杀。是啊。

Yeah. Okay，Jon，thank you for taking part in that. Do check out Jon's podcast.

是的。好吧，Jon，谢谢你的参与。请看看 Jon 的播客。

Yes，you can check out my podcast，English with Monty and the lovely Gideon is on it as well.

是的，你可以看看我的播客，English with Monty，可爱的吉迪恩也在上面。

And he is most excellent at the time.

而他在当时是最优秀的。

See you next time. Bye. bye.

下次见，拜拜。