说明文的英语，英语作文说明文范文100字

说明文类完形填空题中，作者一般是首先提出一个要说明的对象，如某种理论、某种方法、某种技巧、某种活动，然后按照时间、空间和事情发展的顺序，运用举例、排比、演绎、归纳等方式进行介绍或者说明。（1）内容的客观性；（2）文章的条理性；（3）语言的朴实性。

说明文层次分明，脉落清晰，有条有理。大多数完形填空的说明文是按因果关系进行说明，有的按先主后次的顺序进行说明，有的先概述后举例，有的先举例后概述，也有的按事情的逻辑关系来展开。考生做题的关键在于理清文章结构，把握全文大意。

有一些语言现象在英语说明文中经常出现。

1、多用现在时态。因为说明文通常是对客观事物或事理的一种介绍与解释，而这种客观介绍与解释一般是不随时间和空间的变化而改变的。

2、采用客观描述。说明文一般是对客观存在的说明与介绍，因此，语言的表述也应该尽可能地给人以客观可信的感觉。在英语中，使用被动语态（如用It is said that…替代I think that…），引进权威的信息来源（如用according to sb 替代in my opinion），选用委婉语是使说明文避免主观色彩，增加客观性，从而为读者接受的重要语言手段。

3、遣词用字简炼、平实、确切。

解答说明文体裁的完形填空题是要着重把握这样两个方面：

记叙文可以用narration，或者narrative作为形容词。议论文是argumentation，argumentative是形容词。说明文应该是description，或者descriptive作为形容词。文言文的英文： the classical Chinese。文言文是指用古代的书面语言写的文章，通。

1、弄清叙述的顺序。在说明的过程中，条理化是非常重要的，因为客观事物本身是有条理性，按照客观事物本身的条理进行解说，说明的效果就比较好。有些事物本身可能并无明显的条理性，这时，作者会选择一个合适的角度，有条不紊地对其加以说明。常见的说明顺序有时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序（指先因后果或先果后因，先主后次的顺序）和认识顺序（指由此及彼，由浅入深，由局部到整体，由现象到本质，由具体到抽象的顺序）。把握了说明的顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络。

2、了解说明文的种类。说明文依照内容展开方式可以分以下几类：

(1)过程说明文。这是用得最广的一种说明文，它又分为人为过程的说明文（给予指令或建议）和自然过程的说明文（提供信息和分析）两种，文章形式既有实用性较强的产品介绍，生活知识；也有专业性很强的学术论文；还有幽默风趣的科学小品等。过程说明文中的时态通常用一般现在时。

(2)实例说明文。它是用实例、事实来阐述特征过程、现象、观点的一种说明文。那些空洞的概念和高深的理论经过事实和例子的佐证立即就会变得具体明白、简单起来。

(3)比较（对比）说明文。它是运用比较和对比的手段来分析和说明事物的一种说明文。通过比较相似事物和对比相异事物，可以使事理更加明了。

(4)分类说明文。对于复杂事物，往往可以根据它的性质、形状、成因、功能等属性的差别，分成若干类，然后依照类别分别进行说明。通过分类说明可以加深读者对事物本质的了解。

英语作文说明文范文100字，(5)因果说明文。通过分析事物的因果关系阐明事物的性质或经过的文章称为因果说明文。在对有关因果关系透彻分析的基础上得出的结论总是令人信服的。

(6)定义说明文。就是用简洁而明确的语言把事物的本质属性揭示出来，给人们以清晰的概念。界说（定义）说明文中总是有一个定义句，其句式为被定义对象的所属类别+限制性定语。定义句中限制性定语越详细，定义就越精确，如A bat（蝙蝠）is a small mouse-like animal that flies at night and feeds on fruit and insects but is not a bird .因此，界说（定义）说明文既能使读者对被说明文的事物有一个明确的本质的了解，又能使读者将该事物与其他事物区别开来。

英文说明文的写作方式除了以上六种外，还有其他一些但对于中学生来说，这六种方式是首先值得了解的。另外，值得一提的是，在一篇说明文中，常常是以一种写作手法为主，同时辅以其他写作手法。有时，甚至会几种手法混用，并不分什么主次。

弄清了说明文的种类和不同，说明文的写作特点，有助于我们采取不同的阅读策略。

进而达到迅速、准确理解文章的目的。

说明文解题三技巧

（1）重视首句，开篇明义。

说明文所呈现的方式往往比较单一，作者往往一开始就交代说明的对象，然后再从不同的角度进行说明，而且每一段往往是其中的一个角度或侧面。由此，要注意概括每一段的主旨大意。在每段的开头或结尾，作者往往会对说明的话题进行概括说明。例如: Cultural differences occur wherever you go. When visiting another country，you should be aware of those differences and__ 28 __them. Here are some tips on how to fit in.

28.A. reject B recite C. respect D. remove

【点拨】从第一段第一句话得知无论去哪里都会遇到文化的差异，由此可判断出本段与文化的差异有关。根据常识我们应该尊重这种文化差异。由此可知选_________.

（2）上下求索，寻找词语暗示。找到上下文的相关信息，特别是有暗示性的词语，就很容易找到正确选项。例如: One way to improve your mood is__ 2 ___. –Also，in the process，you may aim for clear goals，like a new personal running record or a better body shape. The achievement of a particular goal makes you feel good and contributes to your_ 4__. That is why exercise has been shown to build up your self-respect.

2. A. play B. communication C. sleep D. exercise

4.A.ability B. relationship C. confidence D. business

【点拨】本段中第一句是主题句，通过下文 like new personal running record or better body shape以及最后一句中提示词恶性exercise可知2题选___________. 同时通过 makes you feel good ……and build up your self-respect可知4题选__________.

（3）依据上下文，理清逻辑关系

短文是由有一定的逻辑关系的句子组成的，相互之间存在着一定的联系。只要把握好了空格上下文的行为逻辑，再活用所学语言知识，就能选出正确答案。例如: Wearing proper clothes is important too，_ 32 __ locals will judge you by what you wear.

32.A. but B for C. so D or

【点拨】空前指出穿合适的衣服也是一件重要的事情，空后表明当地人会根据你的穿着去判断你。根据逻辑关系可知32题选_________.

一典型篇章技法解读：（2012·全国卷）

Body language is the quiet，secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks _1_ than words. According to specialists，our bodies send out more __ 2__ than we realize. In fact，non-verbal communication(非言语交际) takes up about 50% of what we really _ 3_ ，And body language is particularly __4__ when we attempt to communicate across cultures（文化）.Indeed，what is called

body language is so__5__ a part of us that it&39;s possible that in __11_ ，it may look like a Latino is__12_a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino，trying to express friendship，will keep moving __13_. The Norwegian，very probably seeing this as pushiness，will keep __ 14__ -- which the Latino will in return regard as __15 _.

1. A. straighter B. louder C. harder D. further

2. A. sounds B.invitations C.feelings D. messages

3. A. hope B. receive C. discover D. mean

4. A. immediate B. misleading C. important D. difficult

5. A. well B. far C. much D. long

6. A. For example B. Thus C. However D. In short

7. A. trade B. distance C. connections D. greetings

8. A. eye B. verbal C. bodily D. telephone

9. A. strangers B. Relatives C. neighbours D. enemies

10. A. in other words B. on the other hand C. in a similar way D. by all means

11. A. trouble B. conversation C. silence D. experiment

12. A. disturbing B. helping C. guiding D. following

13. A. closer B. faster C. in D. away

14. A. stepping forward B. going on C. backing away D. coming out

15. A. weakness B. carelessness C. friendliness D. coldness

16. A. talk B. travel C. laugh D. think

17. A. different B. European C. Latino D. rich

18. A. curiosity B. excitement C. misunderstanding D. nervousness

19. A. chance B. time C. result D. advice

20. A. noticed B. treated C. respected D. pleased

语篇剖析

Statement---Body language is the quiet secret and most 1.________ language of all，particularly across cultures. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it.

Example

1.Northern Europeans usually do not like having body contact 2. _______others.

2. People from Latin American countries touch each other quite a lot.

3.In conversation，the Latino will keep moving 3. _______while the Norwegian will keep backing away.

解题思路

本文主要讲了肢体语言的重要性，并且举例说明了不同社会对待肢体语言是不同的，所以在交流时会有误解。

思路1巧用背景知识，简化判断过程。

T1.中是一个我们所熟知的谚语: Actions speak louder than words.行动胜于语言。再通过文章第一句提到肢体语言是最强有力的语言，可知此处是指肢体语言胜过文字。由此可知答案是_______. 尝试做下列相似题:9. _______15. _______19. _______20. _______

思路2把握说明中心，理清逻辑关系。

T6.中上文提到人们在进行跨文化交流时有时肢体语言也会导致误解。下文就以北欧人和拉美人为例说明。由此可知答案是_______.

尝试做下列相似题:10._______

思路3沉着冷静，寻找词语提示。

说明文英语是exposition。n. 解释，阐述；展览会，博览会；（奏鸣曲等的）呈示部；暴露，揭露短语 world exposition 世界博览会 ; [社科] 万国博览会 ; 世博会 ; 对于世博会 Taipei International Flora Exposition 年台北。

T7.中下文的例子中提到北欧人不喜欢和他人有身体的接触，而拉丁美洲国家的人们身体的接触很多，这样在谈话中就好像拉丁美洲人在房间里追挪威人。从而看出不同的社会对待两个交流的人之间的身体的距离是不一样的。由此可知答案是_______.

尝试做下列相似题:2. _______3. _______4. _______5. _______8. _______11._______12. _______13. _______14. _______16. _______17. _______ 18._________

典型篇章技法解读：（2013·安徽卷）

If you want to learn a new language，the very first thing to think about is why. Do you need it for a ___36_____ reason，such as your job or your studies?___37____ perhaps you’re interested in the ___38____ ，films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a ___39____ of the language.

Most people learn best using a variety of ___40____，but traditional classes are an ideal（理

想的）start for many people. They ___41___ an environment where you can practice under the ___42___ of someone who’s good at the language. We all lead ___43___ lives and learning a language takes __44___. You will have more success if you study regularly，so try to develop a ___45___. It doesn’t matter if you haven’t got long. Becoming fluent in a language will take years，but learning to get by takes __46____.

Many people start learning a language and soon give up. “I’m too __47___，” they say. Yes，children do learn languages more __48___ than adults，but research has shown that you can learn a language at any ___49___. And learning is good for the health of your brain，too. I’ve also heard people ___50___ about the mistakes they make when ___51___. Well，relax and laugh about your mistakes __52____ you’re much less likely to make them again.

Learning a new language is never ___53___. But with some work and devotion，you’ll make progress. And you’ll be ___54____ by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in ___55___ own language. Good luck!

36.A. technical B. political C. practical D. physical

37. A. After B. So C. Though D. Or

38.A literature B. transport C.agriculture D. medicine

39.A view B. knowledge C. form D. database

40.A paintings B. regulations C. methods D. computers

41.A. protect B. change C. respect D. provide

1、记叙文（Narration）。2、描述文（Description）。3、说明文(exposition）。4、议论文(argumentation）。二、含义。1、Narration即记叙文是以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主，以写人物的经历和事物发展变化为主要内容的一种文体。

42.A. control B. command C. guidance D. pressure

43.A. busy B. happy C. simple D. normal

44.A. courage B. time C. energy D. place

45.A. theory B. business C. routine D. project

46.A. some risks B. a lot less C. some notes D. a lot more

47.A. old B. nervous C. weak D. tired

48.A. closely B. quickly C. privately D. quietly

49.A. age B. speed C. distance D. school

50.A. worry B. hesitate C. think D. quarrel

51.A. singing B. working C. bargaining D. learning

52.A. if B. and C. but D. before

53.A. tiresome B. hard C. interesting D. easy

54.A. blamed B. amazed C. interrupted D. informed

55.A. their B. his C. our D，your

巧思妙解

I.从文脉理解层次

1.速度全文，找出说明对象

What’s the passage mainly about?_________________________________________________

2.理顺文章脉络，把握结构布局

说明文的英文：expository writing 议论文的英文：argumentation 记叙文的英文：narrative writing 读法英 ['raɪtɪŋ] 美 ['raɪtɪŋ]1、n. 书写；写作技能；著书立说，写作的职业。

分：Para1:____________________________________

Para2：___________________________________

Para3:____________________________________

总：Para4:____________________________________

3.按部就班，验证答案

II. 从词汇理解层次

下列词汇可能会影响做题，写出并熟记含义

1. 名词类 1) regulation_________ 2) guidance__________ 3) routine______ 4.literature___________ 5.devotion___________

2.短语类： have a knowledge of_____________

典型篇章练习1：（2010 安徽卷）

Most people give little thought to the pens they write with，especially since the printers in modern homes and offices mean that very 1 things are handwritten. All too often，people buy a pen based only on 2 ，and wonder why they are not satisfied 3 they begin to use it. However，buying a pen that you’ll enjoy is not 4 if you keep the following in mind.

First of all，a pen should fit comfortably in your hand and be 5 to use. The thickness of the pen is the most important characteristic 6 comfort. Having a small hand and thick fingers，you may be comfortable with a thin pen. If you have a 7 hand and thicker fingers you may __8 fatter pen. The length of a pen can 9 influence comfort. A pen that is too 10 can easily feel top-heavy and unstable.

Then，the writing point of the pen should 11 the ink to flow evenly（均匀地）while the pen remains in touch with the paper. 12 will make it possible for you to create a 13 line of writing. The point should also be sensitive enough to 14 ink from running when the pen is lifted．A point that does not block the 15 may leave drops of ink，16 you pick the pen up and put it down again.

17 ，the pen should make a thick，dark line. Fine-line pens may 18 bad handwriting ，but fine，delicate (微妙;脆弱的) lines do not command 19 next to printed text，as，20 ，a signature on a printed letter. A broader line，on the other hand，give an impression of confidence and authority.

1.A.many B. few C. pleasant D. important

2.A.looks B. reason C. value D. advantages

3.A.once B. if C. because D. though

4. A. convenient B. practical C. strange D. difficult

5.A.heavy B. easy C. hard D. safe

6.A.taking B. finding C. determining D. seeking

7.A.stronger B. weaker C. smaller D. larger

8.A.perfer B. recommend C. prepare D. demand

9.A.hardly B. also C. never D. still

10.A.thick B. light C. long D. soft

11.A.change B. allow C. reduce D. press

12.A.They B. One C. This D. Some

13. A thin B. rough C. black D. smooth

14. A. prevent B. free C. protect D. remove

15. A. way B. sight C. flow D. stream

16.A. so B. as C. and D. yet

17.A. Meanwhile B. Generally C. Afterwards D. Finally

18.A. show up B. differ from C. break down D. compensate for

19.A. attention B. support C. respect D. admission

20.A. at most B. for example C. in brief D. on purpose

典型篇章练习2：（2014广东卷）

The research，conducted by St. George University，shows that different parents have different 6 to these problems. However，some approaches are more 7 than others. For example，those parents who yell at their children for their untidiness，but ___8__ clean the room for them，have fewer chances of changing their children’s 9 . On the contrary，those who let teenagers experience the 10 of their actions can do better. For example，when teenagers who don’t help their parents with the shopping don’t find their favorite drink in the refrigerator，they are forced to 11 their actions.

Psychologists say that 12 is the most important thing in parent-child relationships. Parents should 13 to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say. Parents may 14 their children when they are untidy but they should also understand that their room is their own private space. Communication is a two-way process. It is only by listening to and 15 each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.

1. A. natural B. strong C. guilty D. similar

2. A. interest B. argument C. link D. knowledge

3. A. noisy B. crowded C. messy D. locked

4. A. homework B. housework C. problem D. research

5. A. washing B. using C. dropping D. replacing

6. A. approaches B. contributions C. introductions D. attitudes

7. A. complex B. popular C. scientific D. successful

8. A. later B. deliberately C. seldom D. thoroughly

说明文的英文:expository writing 议论文的英文:argumentation 记叙文的英文:narrative writing 读法英 ['raɪtɪŋ] 美 ['raɪtɪŋ] 1、n. 书写;写作技能;著书立说,写作的职业;作品,著作;文字;笔迹 2、v. 书写。

9. A. behavior B. taste C. future D. nature

10. A. failures B. changes C. consequences D. thrills

11. A. defend B. delay C. repeat D. reconsider